An experimental drug, originally developed to fight tumors, could represent a therapeutic breakthrough for millions of women struggling with the unwanted effects of menopause. This is what emerges from research by the University of East Anglia, published on npj drug discovery, which reveals how the molecule helps preserve bone density and counteract the accumulation of excess fat in post-menopausal women, offering a potential answer to two strongly related clinical problems.
From oncology therapy to bone health
The molecule, called CADD522, was initially designed as an inhibitor of a protein that promotes the development and dissemination of various tumor forms. However, during the evaluation of its properties, researchers observed an unexpected biological response: the inhibition of this specific molecular signaling pathway directly interferes with the mechanisms of bone tissue degradation that are triggered by the hormonal decline typical of menopause.
It could therefore prove promising as a drug for the treatment of comorbidities typical of menopause. To test its effectiveness, the authors of the study therefore used animal models with hormonal imbalances suitable for simulating the effects of menopause. And the results confirmed the scientists’ hopes: the specimens treated with CADD522 for a period of eight weeks showed significant improvements in skeletal structure, an increase in bone volume and better preservation of the internal trabecular architecture of the bones, without altering the physiological cycle of bone remodeling. “An important detail – explains Darrell Green, researcher at the University of East Anglia who participated in the study – because many drugs used today against osteoporosis act by completely suppressing the loss of bone tissue, and this can sometimes cause problems in the long term”.
Metabolism and body weight
In addition to the benefits on skeletal density, the study also identified marked effects on the metabolic profile. The animals that received the drug actually lost body weight compared to the control group, even with the same caloric intake. The analyzes confirmed a reduction in general body fat and less accumulation of fat within the bone marrow, a phenomenon frequently associated with skeletal aging and deterioration of bone quality.
Investigations conducted on the brain tissues of animals have also revealed the compound’s ability to preserve the levels of essential fatty acids, including omega-3, restoring a lipid profile similar to that of healthy subjects. This detail suggests possible positive implications also regarding cognitive decline or neurological alterations associated with menopause, although these aspects will require dedicated in-depth analysis.
A paradigm shift
Preliminary results on the tolerability of the compound indicate a favorable safety profile. Tests conducted on murine and canine models confirmed the feasibility of oral administration. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic analyzes in human tissues indicate that CADD522 is metabolized more slowly than observed in animal models, which could translate into greater therapeutic stability in future human clinical trials.
“There is no shortage of treatments for osteoporosis and menopause today, but many are burdened with side effects, safety concerns, or inconvenient dosing schedules that make long-term treatment adherence difficult,” Green points out. “What we’ve discovered is a completely new way to approach the problem: a drug originally developed to stop cancer that could help millions of women facing the dual challenges of brittle bones and weight gain in midlife. Our hope is that this work could lead to a new generation of osteoporosis treatments that can reverse bone loss while addressing some of the broader metabolic consequences of menopause.”