After an in-depth technical-legal examination, the EIA-SEA Commission of Ministry of the Environment approved the project of Bridge over the Strait of Messinahowever imposing a series of binding requirements. This conditional positive opinion, confirmed by ministerial sources, establishes the environmental compatibilityof the work pursuant to Legislative Decree 152/2006 (Environmental Code), but requires the integration of specific measures in the executive planning. The requirements are not limited to environmental impacts, but also include aspects relating to construction siteat the materials managementgarlic supplies and at acoustic emissions and vibrations. This decision, in line with the provisions of DL 35/2023represents a crucial step towards starting work on the stable connection between Calabria and Sicily.
The Strait Bridge project, which has long been at the center of debates and controversies, represents one of the most ambitious and controversial infrastructural works in recent Italian history (for further information read here). Its construction aims to create a permanent connection between the Italian peninsula and Sicily, with the aim of improving mobility, encouraging economic development and promoting socio-cultural integration between the two regions.
The path to approval was not without obstacles. The project faced numerous protests and a complex bureaucratic process. The initial assessment included well 239 observations and requests for clarification made by the previous EIA commission, which expired in May and was renewed in July. Among the main objections, the Ministry of the Environment highlighted the need for accurate cost-benefit analysishighlighting the importance of contextualizing the project in the fabric socioeconomic and political current and to detail the costs of management And maintenance long term. Furthermore, further information was requested on environmental impact assessmenton the land use plan and on compliance checks.
The company Strait of Messina SpAconcessionary body responsible for the work pursuant to Law no. 1158/1971responded with a series of counterarguments and additions presented in September. This additional documentation aimed to clarify the critical points raised, providing technical details and updated plans that take into account the indicated requirements.
The Minister of Infrastructure and Transport, Matteo Salvinihad anticipated the commission’s decision during a conference in Rome, expressing criticism of the environmental concerns which, in his opinion, hinder the creation of strategic infrastructures. Salvini compared the Italian situation with that of other countries that carry out large works without encountering similar impediments, underlining the importance of overcoming bureaucratic barriers for the country’s progress. He also reiterated that the Bridge over the Strait represents not only an important engineering work, but also a symbol of national union and an opportunity to relaunch the economy of the South.
Now, the approval is awaiting the scrutiny of CIPESS (Interministerial Committee for Economic Planning and Sustainable Development), body that will have to grant the definitive authorization and define the financial plan of the work, in accordance with the Objective Law and European public procurement regulations. The transition to CIPESS is expected by the end of the year or in the first months of next year, and will be decisive in establishing the financing methods, timing and contractual aspects linked to the construction of the Bridge.
One of the most debated points concerns the seismic stability of the Bridge, given the notorious seismic activity of the Strait of Messina area. In this context, theNational Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) has distanced itself from any technical-scientific reports drawn up by its employees regarding the project.
INGV has clarified that any contribution produced under collaboration agreements, such as the one stipulated with theLa Sapienza University of Romerepresents exclusively the opinion of the authors and does not bind the Institute. This position was expressed to protect the scientific autonomy of the institution and to avoid involvement in controversies relating to the seismic stability of the Bridge, underlining that the technical reports do not represent an official position of the INGV.
Furthermore, environmental associations and non-governmental organizations have expressed concerns about the impact onmarine ecosystemon the biodiversity and local communities. There are fears that the construction could significantly alter natural habitats, influence the migratory routes of marine species and have negative effects on traditional fishing activities. In response, the EIA-SEA Commission’s prescriptions include measures to mitigate such impacts, such as plans environmental monitoringthe adoption of low impact construction technologies and programs ecological compensation.
On the economic front, the investment planned for the Bridge is estimated at several billion euros, with financing that will have to be defined between public and private funds. The project is seen by some as a catalyst for the economic development of the entire area, enhancing the tourismThe trade and creating new ones employment opportunities. However, critics point to the risk of budget overruns, delays and the need to ensure management transparent and efficient of funds.
The construction of the Strait Bridge therefore represents a multidimensional challenge, which involves engineering, environmental, economic and social aspects. While the institutions proceed with the authorization processes, the public debate remains heated, reflecting the different visions on the future of Italian infrastructures and the development model to be pursued.
From a technical point of view, the project involves the construction of a single-span bridge, which would be the longest of its kind in the world, using cutting-edge technologies in the field of civil engineering. The design will have to take into account the geological and weather-marine conditions of the Strait, characterized by strong currents, intense winds and a complex seabed. Furthermore, advanced safety systems must be implemented to ensure structural resistance in the event of seismic events or other extreme natural phenomena.
On the legal side, the work fits into a complex regulatory framework, which requires compliance with numerous national and European laws and regulations. Among these, in addition to the already mentioned Legislative Decree 152/2006there are directives on water protectionon the protection of natural habitats and wild species, as well as the rules relating to public procurement And competition. Transparency in tender procedures and the adoption of environmental sustainability criteria and social will be fundamental elements for the success of the project.